python/retrace: Application capable of replaying gallium traces.

At the moment it is capable of replaying trivial/tri kind of apps.

See README for status.

src/gallium/state_trackers/python/retrace/README

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+This is 
+
+
+To use it follow the instructions in src/gallium/drivers/trace/README and
+src/gallium/state_trackers/python/README, and then do
+
+  python src/gallium/state_trackers/python/samples/retrace/interpreter.py filename.trace
+
+
+
+
+This is still work in progress:
+- not everything is captured/replayed
+  - surface/textures contents
+- any tiny error will result in a crash
+
+--
+Jose Fonseca <jrfonseca@tungstengraphics.com>

src/gallium/state_trackers/python/retrace/interpreter.py

@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#############################################################################
+#
+# Copyright 2008 Tungsten Graphics, Inc.
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
+# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+#############################################################################
+
+
+import sys
+import gallium
+import model
+from parser import TraceParser
+
+
+def make_image(surface):
+    pixels = gallium.FloatArray(surface.height*surface.width*4)
+    surface.get_tile_rgba(0, 0, surface.width, surface.height, pixels)
+
+    import Image
+    outimage = Image.new(
+        mode='RGB',
+        size=(surface.width, surface.height),
+        color=(0,0,0))
+    outpixels = outimage.load()
+    for y in range(0, surface.height):
+        for x in range(0, surface.width):
+            offset = (y*surface.width + x)*4
+            r, g, b, a = [int(pixels[offset + ch]*255) for ch in range(4)]
+            outpixels[x, y] = r, g, b
+    return outimage
+
+def save_image(filename, surface):
+    outimage = make_image(surface)
+    outimage.save(filename, "PNG")
+
+def show_image(surface):
+    outimage = make_image(surface)
+    
+    import Tkinter as tk
+    from PIL import Image, ImageTk
+    root = tk.Tk()
+    
+    root.title('background image')
+    
+    image1 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(outimage)
+    w = image1.width()
+    h = image1.height()
+    x = 100
+    y = 100
+    root.geometry("%dx%d+%d+%d" % (w, h, x, y))
+    panel1 = tk.Label(root, image=image1)
+    panel1.pack(side='top', fill='both', expand='yes')
+    panel1.image = image1
+    root.mainloop()
+
+
+
+
+class Struct:
+    """C-like struct"""
+
+    # A basic Python class can pass as a C-like structure
+    pass
+
+
+struct_factories = {
+    "pipe_blend_color": gallium.BlendColor,
+    "pipe_blend_state": gallium.Blend,
+    "pipe_clip_state": gallium.Clip,
+    #"pipe_constant_buffer": gallium.ConstantBuffer,
+    "pipe_depth_state": gallium.Depth,
+    "pipe_stencil_state": gallium.Stencil,
+    "pipe_alpha_state": gallium.Alpha,
+    "pipe_depth_stencil_alpha_state": gallium.DepthStencilAlpha,
+    "pipe_format_block": gallium.FormatBlock,
+    #"pipe_framebuffer_state": gallium.Framebuffer,
+    "pipe_poly_stipple": gallium.PolyStipple,
+    "pipe_rasterizer_state": gallium.Rasterizer,
+    "pipe_sampler_state": gallium.Sampler,
+    "pipe_scissor_state": gallium.Scissor,
+    #"pipe_shader_state": gallium.Shader,
+    #"pipe_vertex_buffer": gallium.VertexBuffer,
+    "pipe_vertex_element": gallium.VertexElement,
+    "pipe_viewport_state": gallium.Viewport,
+    #"pipe_texture": gallium.Texture,
+}
+
+
+member_array_factories = {
+    "pipe_rasterizer_state": {"sprite_coord_mode": gallium.ByteArray},                          
+    "pipe_poly_stipple": {"stipple": gallium.UnsignedArray},                          
+    "pipe_viewport_state": {"scale": gallium.FloatArray, "translate": gallium.FloatArray},                          
+    "pipe_clip_state": {"ucp": gallium.FloatArray},
+    "pipe_depth_stencil_alpha_state": {"stencil": gallium.StencilArray},
+    "pipe_blend_color": {"color": gallium.FloatArray},                         
+}
+
+
+class Translator(model.Visitor):
+    """Translate model arguments into regular Python objects"""
+
+    def __init__(self, interpreter):
+        self.interpreter = interpreter
+        self.result = None
+
+    def visit(self, node):
+        self.result = None
+        node.visit(self)
+        return self.result
+        
+    def visit_literal(self, node):
+        self.result = node.value
+    
+    def visit_named_constant(self, node):
+        # lookup the named constant in the gallium module
+        self.result = getattr(gallium, node.name)
+    
+    def visit_array(self, node):
+        array = []
+        for element in node.elements:
+            array.append(self.visit(element))
+        self.result = array
+    
+    def visit_struct(self, node):
+        struct_factory = struct_factories.get(node.name, Struct)
+        struct = struct_factory()
+        for member_name, member_node in node.members:
+            member_value = self.visit(member_node)
+            try:
+                array_factory = member_array_factories[node.name][member_name]
+            except KeyError:
+                pass
+            else:
+                assert isinstance(member_value, list)
+                array = array_factory(len(member_value))
+                for i in range(len(member_value)):
+                    array[i] = member_value[i]
+                member_value = array
+            #print node.name, member_name, member_value
+            assert isinstance(struct, Struct) or hasattr(struct, member_name)
+            setattr(struct, member_name, member_value)
+        self.result = struct
+    
+    def visit_pointer(self, node):
+        self.result = self.interpreter.lookup_object(node.address)
+
+
+class Object:
+    
+    def __init__(self, interpreter, real):
+        self.interpreter = interpreter
+        self.real = real
+        
+
+class Global(Object):
+
+    def __init__(self, interpreter, real):
+        self.interpreter = interpreter
+        self.real = real
+        
+    def pipe_winsys_create(self):
+        return Winsys(self.interpreter, gallium.Device())
+
+    def pipe_screen_create(self, winsys):
+        return Screen(self.interpreter, winsys.real)
+    
+    def pipe_context_create(self, screen):
+        context = screen.real.context_create()
+        return Context(self.interpreter, context)
+
+    
+class Winsys(Object):
+    
+    def __init__(self, interpreter, real):
+        self.interpreter = interpreter
+        self.real = real
+
+    def get_name(self):
+        pass
+    
+    def buffer_create(self, alignment, usage, size):
+        return self.real.buffer_create(size, alignment, usage)
+    
+    def buffer_destroy(self, buffer):
+        pass
+    
+    def buffer_write(self, buffer, data, size):
+        buffer.write(data, size)
+        buffer.write(data, size)
+
+
+class Screen(Object):
+    
+    def get_name(self):
+        pass
+    
+    def get_vendor(self):
+        pass
+    
+    def get_param(self, param):
+        pass
+    
+    def get_paramf(self, param):
+        pass
+    
+    def is_format_supported(self, format, target, tex_usage, geom_flags):
+        return self.real.is_format_supported(format, target, tex_usage, geom_flags)
+    
+    def texture_create(self, template):
+        return self.real.texture_create(
+            format = template.format,
+            width = template.width[0],
+            height = template.height[0],
+            depth = template.depth[0],
+            last_level = template.last_level,
+            target = template.target,
+            tex_usage = template.tex_usage,
+        )
+
+    def texture_release(self, texture):
+        self.interpreter.unregister_object(texture)
+
+    def get_tex_surface(self, texture, face, level, zslice, usage):
+        return texture.get_surface(face, level, zslice, usage)
+    
+    def tex_surface_release(self, surface):
+        self.interpreter.unregister_object(surface)
+
+    def surface_map(self, surface, flags):
+        return None
+    
+    def surface_unmap(self, surface):
+        pass
+
+
+class Context(Object):
+    
+    def __init__(self, interpreter, real):
+        Object.__init__(self, interpreter, real)
+        self.cbufs = []
+        self.zsbuf = None
+
+    def create_blend_state(self, state):
+        return state
+
+    def bind_blend_state(self, state):
+        self.real.set_blend(state)
+        
+    def create_sampler_state(self, state):
+        return state
+
+    def bind_sampler_states(self, n, states):
+        for i in range(n):
+            self.real.set_sampler(i, states[i])
+        
+    def create_rasterizer_state(self, state):
+        return state
+
+    def bind_rasterizer_state(self, state):
+        self.real.set_rasterizer(state)
+        
+    def create_depth_stencil_alpha_state(self, state):
+        return state
+
+    def bind_depth_stencil_alpha_state(self, state):
+        self.real.set_depth_stencil_alpha(state)
+    
+    def create_fs_state(self, state):
+        tokens = str(state.tokens)
+        shader = gallium.Shader(tokens)
+        return shader
+
+    create_vs_state = create_fs_state
+    
+    def bind_fs_state(self, state):
+        self.real.set_fragment_shader(state)
+        
+    def bind_vs_state(self, state):
+        self.real.set_vertex_shader(state)
+
+    def set_blend_color(self, state):
+        self.real.set_blend_color(state)
+
+    def set_clip_state(self, state):
+        self.real.set_clip(state)
+
+    def set_constant_buffer(self, shader, index, state):
+        self.real.set_constant_buffer(shader, index, state.buffer)
+
+    def set_framebuffer_state(self, state):
+        _state = gallium.Framebuffer()
+        _state.width = state.width
+        _state.height = state.height
+        _state.num_cbufs = state.num_cbufs
+        for i in range(len(state.cbufs)):
+            _state.set_cbuf(i, state.cbufs[i])
+        _state.set_zsbuf(state.zsbuf)    
+        self.real.set_framebuffer(_state)
+        
+        self.cbufs = state.cbufs
+        self.zsbuf = state.zsbuf
+
+    def set_polygon_stipple(self, state):
+        self.real.set_polygon_stipple(state)
+
+    def set_scissor_state(self, state):
+        self.real.set_scissor(state)
+
+    def set_viewport_state(self, state):
+        self.real.set_viewport(state)
+
+    def set_sampler_textures(self, n, textures):
+        for i in range(n):
+            self.real.set_sampler_textures(textures[i])
+
+    def set_vertex_buffers(self, n, vbufs):
+        for i in range(n):
+            vbuf = vbufs[i]
+            self.real.set_vertex_buffer(
+                i,
+                pitch = vbuf.pitch,
+                max_index = vbuf.max_index,
+                buffer_offset = vbuf.buffer_offset,
+                buffer = vbuf.buffer,
+            )
+
+    def set_vertex_elements(self, n, elements):
+        for i in range(n):
+            self.real.set_vertex_element(i, elements[i])
+        self.real.set_vertex_elements(n)
+
+    def set_edgeflags(self, bitfield):
+        # FIXME
+        pass
+    
+    def draw_arrays(self, mode, start, count):
+        self.real.draw_arrays(mode, start, count)
+        self._update()
+        
+    def flush(self, flags, fence):
+        self.real.flush(flags)
+
+    def clear(self, surface, value):
+        self.real.surface_clear(surface, value)
+        
+    def _update(self):
+        self.real.flush()
+    
+        if self.cbufs and self.cbufs[0]:
+            show_image(self.cbufs[0])
+    
+
+class Interpreter:
+    
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.objects = {}
+        self.result = None
+        self.globl = Global(self, None)
+
+    def register_object(self, address, object):
+        self.objects[address] = object
+        
+    def unregister_object(self, object):
+        # FIXME:
+        pass
+
+    def lookup_object(self, address):
+        return self.objects[address]
+    
+    def interpret(self, trace):
+        for call in trace.calls:
+            self.interpret_call(call)
+
+    def interpret_call(self, call):
+        sys.stderr.write("%s\n" % call)
+        
+        args = [self.interpret_arg(arg) for name, arg in call.args] 
+        
+        if call.klass:
+            obj = args[0]
+            args = args[1:]
+        else:
+            obj = self.globl
+            
+        method = getattr(obj, call.method)
+        ret = method(*args)
+        
+        if call.ret and isinstance(call.ret, model.Pointer):
+            self.register_object(call.ret.address, ret)
+
+    def interpret_arg(self, node):
+        translator = Translator(self)
+        return translator.visit(node)
+    
+
+def main():
+    for arg in sys.argv[1:]:
+        parser = TraceParser(open(arg, 'rt'))
+        trace = parser.parse()
+        interpreter = Interpreter()
+        interpreter.interpret(trace)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

src/gallium/state_trackers/python/retrace/model.py

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#############################################################################
+#
+# Copyright 2008 Tungsten Graphics, Inc.
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
+# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+#############################################################################
+
+
+'''Trace data model.'''
+
+
+class Node:
+    
+    def visit(self, visitor):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class Literal(Node):
+    
+    def __init__(self, value):
+        self.value = value
+
+    def visit(self, visitor):
+        visitor.visit_literal(self)
+        
+    def __str__(self):
+        if isinstance(self.value, str) and len(self.value) > 32:
+            return '...'
+        else: 
+            return repr(self.value)
+
+
+class NamedConstant(Node):
+    
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+
+    def visit(self, visitor):
+        visitor.visit_named_constant(self)
+        
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.name
+    
+
+class Array(Node):
+    
+    def __init__(self, elements):
+        self.elements = elements
+
+    def visit(self, visitor):
+        visitor.visit_array(self)
+        
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '{' + ', '.join([str(value) for value in self.elements]) + '}'
+
+
+class Struct(Node):
+    
+    def __init__(self, name, members):
+        self.name = name
+        self.members = members        
+
+    def visit(self, visitor):
+        visitor.visit_struct(self)
+        
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '{' + ', '.join([name + ' = ' + str(value) for name, value in self.members]) + '}'
+
+        
+class Pointer(Node):
+    
+    def __init__(self, address):
+        self.address = address
+
+    def visit(self, visitor):
+        visitor.visit_pointer(self)
+        
+    def __str__(self):
+        return hex(self.address)
+
+
+class Call:
+    
+    def __init__(self, klass, method, args, ret):
+        self.klass = klass
+        self.method = method
+        self.args = args
+        self.ret = ret
+        
+    def visit(self, visitor):
+        visitor.visit_call(self)
+        
+    def __str__(self):
+        s = self.method
+        if self.klass:
+            s = self.klass + '::' + s
+        s += '(' + ', '.join([name + ' = ' + str(value) for name, value in self.args]) + ')'
+        if self.ret is not None:
+            s += ' = ' + str(self.ret)
+        return s
+
+
+class Trace:
+    
+    def __init__(self, calls):
+        self.calls = calls
+        
+    def visit(self, visitor):
+        visitor.visit_trace(self)
+        
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '\n'.join([str(call) for call in self.calls])
+    
+    
+class Visitor:
+    
+    def visit_literal(self, node):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+    
+    def visit_named_constant(self, node):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+    
+    def visit_array(self, node):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+    
+    def visit_struct(self, node):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+    
+    def visit_pointer(self, node):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+    
+    def visit_call(self, node):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+    
+    def visit_trace(self, node):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+    
+

src/gallium/state_trackers/python/retrace/parser.py

@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#############################################################################
+#
+# Copyright 2008 Tungsten Graphics, Inc.
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
+# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+#############################################################################
+
+
+import sys
+import xml.parsers.expat
+import binascii
+
+from model import *
+
+
+ELEMENT_START, ELEMENT_END, CHARACTER_DATA, EOF = range(4)
+
+
+class XmlToken:
+
+    def __init__(self, type, name_or_data, attrs = None, line = None, column = None):
+        assert type in (ELEMENT_START, ELEMENT_END, CHARACTER_DATA, EOF)
+        self.type = type
+        self.name_or_data = name_or_data
+        self.attrs = attrs
+        self.line = line
+        self.column = column
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        if self.type == ELEMENT_START:
+            return '<' + self.name_or_data + ' ...>'
+        if self.type == ELEMENT_END:
+            return '</' + self.name_or_data + '>'
+        if self.type == CHARACTER_DATA:
+            return self.name_or_data
+        if self.type == EOF:
+            return 'end of file'
+        assert 0
+
+
+class XmlTokenizer:
+    """Expat based XML tokenizer."""
+
+    def __init__(self, fp, skip_ws = True):
+        self.fp = fp
+        self.tokens = []
+        self.index = 0
+        self.final = False
+        self.skip_ws = skip_ws
+        
+        self.character_pos = 0, 0
+        self.character_data = ''
+        
+        self.parser = xml.parsers.expat.ParserCreate()
+        self.parser.StartElementHandler  = self.handle_element_start
+        self.parser.EndElementHandler    = self.handle_element_end
+        self.parser.CharacterDataHandler = self.handle_character_data
+    
+    def handle_element_start(self, name, attributes):
+        self.finish_character_data()
+        line, column = self.pos()
+        token = XmlToken(ELEMENT_START, name, attributes, line, column)
+        self.tokens.append(token)
+    
+    def handle_element_end(self, name):
+        self.finish_character_data()
+        line, column = self.pos()
+        token = XmlToken(ELEMENT_END, name, None, line, column)
+        self.tokens.append(token)
+
+    def handle_character_data(self, data):
+        if not self.character_data:
+            self.character_pos = self.pos()
+        self.character_data += data
+    
+    def finish_character_data(self):
+        if self.character_data:
+            if not self.skip_ws or not self.character_data.isspace(): 
+                line, column = self.character_pos
+                token = XmlToken(CHARACTER_DATA, self.character_data, None, line, column)
+                self.tokens.append(token)
+            self.character_data = ''
+    
+    def next(self):
+        size = 16*1024
+        while self.index >= len(self.tokens) and not self.final:
+            self.tokens = []
+            self.index = 0
+            data = self.fp.read(size)
+            self.final = len(data) < size
+            try:
+                self.parser.Parse(data, self.final)
+            except xml.parsers.expat.ExpatError, e:
+                #if e.code == xml.parsers.expat.errors.XML_ERROR_NO_ELEMENTS:
+                if e.code == 3:
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    raise e
+        if self.index >= len(self.tokens):
+            line, column = self.pos()
+            token = XmlToken(EOF, None, None, line, column)
+        else:
+            token = self.tokens[self.index]
+            self.index += 1
+        return token
+
+    def pos(self):
+        return self.parser.CurrentLineNumber, self.parser.CurrentColumnNumber
+
+
+class TokenMismatch(Exception):
+
+    def __init__(self, expected, found):
+        self.expected = expected
+        self.found = found
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '%u:%u: %s expected, %s found' % (self.found.line, self.found.column, str(self.expected), str(self.found))
+
+
+
+class XmlParser:
+    """Base XML document parser."""
+
+    def __init__(self, fp):
+        self.tokenizer = XmlTokenizer(fp)
+        self.consume()
+    
+    def consume(self):
+        self.token = self.tokenizer.next()
+
+    def match_element_start(self, name):
+        return self.token.type == ELEMENT_START and self.token.name_or_data == name
+    
+    def match_element_end(self, name):
+        return self.token.type == ELEMENT_END and self.token.name_or_data == name
+
+    def element_start(self, name):
+        while self.token.type == CHARACTER_DATA:
+            self.consume()
+        if self.token.type != ELEMENT_START:
+            raise TokenMismatch(XmlToken(ELEMENT_START, name), self.token)
+        if self.token.name_or_data != name:
+            raise TokenMismatch(XmlToken(ELEMENT_START, name), self.token)
+        attrs = self.token.attrs
+        self.consume()
+        return attrs
+    
+    def element_end(self, name):
+        while self.token.type == CHARACTER_DATA:
+            self.consume()
+        if self.token.type != ELEMENT_END:
+            raise TokenMismatch(XmlToken(ELEMENT_END, name), self.token)
+        if self.token.name_or_data != name:
+            raise TokenMismatch(XmlToken(ELEMENT_END, name), self.token)
+        self.consume()
+
+    def character_data(self, strip = True):
+        data = ''
+        while self.token.type == CHARACTER_DATA:
+            data += self.token.name_or_data
+            self.consume()
+        if strip:
+            data = data.strip()
+        return data
+
+
+class TraceParser(XmlParser):
+
+    def parse(self):
+        self.element_start('trace')
+        calls = []
+        while self.token.type not in (ELEMENT_END, EOF):
+            calls.append(self.parse_call())
+        if self.token.type != EOF:
+            self.element_end('trace')
+        return Trace(calls)
+
+    def parse_call(self):
+        attrs = self.element_start('call')
+        klass = attrs['class']
+        method = attrs['method']
+        args = []
+        ret = None
+        while self.token.type == ELEMENT_START:
+            if self.token.name_or_data == 'arg':
+                arg = self.parse_arg()
+                args.append(arg)
+            elif self.token.name_or_data == 'ret':
+                ret = self.parse_ret()
+            elif self.token.name_or_data == 'call':
+                # ignore nested function calls
+                self.parse_call()
+            else:
+                raise TokenMismatch("<arg ...> or <ret ...>", self.token)
+        self.element_end('call')
+        
+        return Call(klass, method, args, ret)
+
+    def parse_arg(self):
+        attrs = self.element_start('arg')
+        name = attrs['name']
+        value = self.parse_value()
+        self.element_end('arg')
+
+        return name, value
+
+    def parse_ret(self):
+        attrs = self.element_start('ret')
+        value = self.parse_value()
+        self.element_end('ret')
+
+        return value
+
+    def parse_value(self):
+        expected_tokens = ('null', 'bool', 'int', 'uint', 'float', 'string', 'enum', 'array', 'struct', 'ptr', 'bytes')
+        if self.token.type == ELEMENT_START:
+            if self.token.name_or_data in expected_tokens:
+                method = getattr(self, 'parse_' +  self.token.name_or_data)
+                return method()
+        raise TokenMismatch(" or " .join(expected_tokens), self.token)
+
+    def parse_null(self):
+        self.element_start('null')
+        self.element_end('null')
+        return Literal(None)
+        
+    def parse_bool(self):
+        self.element_start('bool')
+        value = int(self.character_data())
+        self.element_end('bool')
+        return Literal(value)
+        
+    def parse_int(self):
+        self.element_start('int')
+        value = int(self.character_data())
+        self.element_end('int')
+        return Literal(value)
+        
+    def parse_uint(self):
+        self.element_start('uint')
+        value = int(self.character_data())
+        self.element_end('uint')
+        return Literal(value)
+        
+    def parse_float(self):
+        self.element_start('float')
+        value = float(self.character_data())
+        self.element_end('float')
+        return Literal(value)
+        
+    def parse_enum(self):
+        self.element_start('enum')
+        name = self.character_data()
+        self.element_end('enum')
+        return NamedConstant(name)
+        
+    def parse_string(self):
+        self.element_start('string')
+        value = self.character_data()
+        self.element_end('string')
+        return Literal(value)
+        
+    def parse_bytes(self):
+        self.element_start('bytes')
+        value = binascii.a2b_hex(self.character_data())
+        self.element_end('bytes')
+        return Literal(value)
+        
+    def parse_array(self):
+        self.element_start('array')
+        elems = []
+        while self.token.type != ELEMENT_END:
+            elems.append(self.parse_elem())
+        self.element_end('array')
+        return Array(elems)
+
+    def parse_elem(self):
+        self.element_start('elem')
+        value = self.parse_value()
+        self.element_end('elem')
+        return value
+
+    def parse_struct(self):
+        attrs = self.element_start('struct')
+        name = attrs['name']
+        members = []
+        while self.token.type != ELEMENT_END:
+            members.append(self.parse_member())
+        self.element_end('struct')
+        return Struct(name, members)
+
+    def parse_member(self):
+        attrs = self.element_start('member')
+        name = attrs['name']
+        value = self.parse_value()
+        self.element_end('member')
+
+        return name, value
+
+    def parse_ptr(self):
+        self.element_start('ptr')
+        address = self.character_data()
+        self.element_end('ptr')
+
+        address = int(address, 16)
+        
+        return Pointer(address)
+
+
+def main():
+    for arg in sys.argv[1:]:
+        parser = TraceParser(open(arg, 'rt'))
+        trace = parser.parse()
+        print trace
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()